Challenges of V2X test

V2X, namely vehicle-to-everything, is aimed to realize information exchanging and sharing between vehicle and X (vehicle, road, human, cloud, etc.) and the“safe, efficient, comfortable, and energy-saving” driving through modern communication and network technologies.

Considering the communication interaction between vehicle and surrounding environment, the application of V2X faces various combination of communication environment and traffic scenes. There will be a huge challenge of rapid increasing of testing mileage and time if lots of road test methods are applied to the process of the verification of V2X research and development.

Polelink provides V2X solution that supports application scenario simulation and environment simulation test in the circumstance of lab, which will accelerate the verification process in research and development of V2X.

As the official partner of internationally well-known enterprise such as Vector, Rohde & Schwarz, IPG, PikeTec, as well as the member of IMT-2020 (5G) promotion group C-V2X working group , Polelink is devoted to the research on testing and verification technologies of LTE-V2X and 5G-V2X in V2X field to actively promote the landing of domestic V2X industry and provides sets of V2X testing system and service for customers.

Coverage of test solutions

As the domestically top test service supplier, uniting internationally well-known test tools suppliers such as Vector, Rohde & Schwarz, IPG, PikeTec, Polelink provides complete test solution for the research and development of V2X in China.

V2X test solutions mainly cover:

• Solution to V2X function test

Ø HiL testing of V2X (PC5) end-to-end application scenario

Ø TBOX base-station simulation test

Ø MiL/SiL testing of V2X application algorithm

Ø Code testing of V2X application algorithm

• Solution to V2X conformance test

Ø ITS protocol stack conformance test

Ø Protocol conformance test at access layer

Ø GCF conformance test

• Solution to V2X RF test

• Solution to field test

Ø V2X data acquisition system

Solution to V2X function test

HiL testing of V2X (PC5) end-to-end application scenarios

To meet the requirement of V2X application algorithm testing, Polelink provides the whole HiL testing system of end-to-end V2X application scenarios by making use of co-simulation technology of virtual scenario and RF communication.

Through the testing system, customers can build high fidelity V2X application scenarios, and convert various traffic participators (vehicles and roadside facilities) information in virtual testing scenarios into V2X air interface signals (Uu/PC5) by the RF instrument, then inputs the signals to controller under test (OBU/RSU). In this way, customers can finish the hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) testing of OBU or RSU control model or algorithm under the lab environment, as well as signaling test for RF performance of V2X communication terminal and evaluation of RF conformance.

Capability of testing system 

• Support HiL testing of C-V2X terminal

• Support test of end-to-end full protocol stack application scenarios

• Support ITS message parse from different countries: CAM, DENM, Spat/MAP, IVI, BSM......DSMP

• Cover functional test of OBU/RSU hardware, ITS protocol conformance test

• Support various bus, CAN, LIN, MOST, FlexRay and vehicle Ethernet communication

• Meet the requirements for signaling RF test of Uu interface

• Support signaling transmitter test, non-signaling receiver test of PC5 interface

Main components of testing system ( mainly for PC5 port test):

• Scenario simulation software: providing high fidelity V2X virtual simulation scenarios, dynamic traffic stream simulation and high precision dynamic simulation.

• Vector CANoe.Car2x: providing protocol simulation at network layer and application layer of ITS protocol stack. 

• Vector VT board: providing CAN, On-vehicle Ethernet interface board, vehicle power simulation, fault injection simulation, digital analog signal simulation and monitor, and model simulation of vehicle virtual ECU. 

• R&S CMW500: supporting PC5 signal simulation for up to 400 vehicles or traffic facility nodes, covering access layer (PHY, MAC, PDCP, RLC).

• R&S SMBV100A/B: output GNSS signal, which is used for data synchronization between the OBU/ECU under test and simulated vehicle, and navigation. Supporting various system such as GPS. Galileo, GLONASS, BeiDou, etc.

Polelink provides 16 application scenario test libraries of T/CASE 53-2017 based on the scenario simulation software.

The simulated test scenarios include:

• Forward collision warning

• Blind spot warning/Lane change warning

• Emergency brake warning

• Do not pass and collision warning

• Red light violation warning

• Intersection collision warning

• Left turn assist

• In-vehicle signage

• Emergency vehicle warning

• Vulnerable road user collision warning

• Control loss warning

• Abnormal vehicle warning

• Hazardous location warning

• Green light optimal speed advisory

• Speed limit warning

• Traffic jam warning

MiL/SiL testing of V2X application algorithm

Polelink provides various V2X algorithm MiL/SiL testing combination to finish V2V/V2I application test, such as forward collision warning, left turn assist, emergency vehicle and other simulated scenarios.

Ideal test

Based on the customized V2X sensor model in scenario simulation software; attached to virtual simulation vehicle models and traffic objects; freely definable message format; configurable communication range and rate; do not use ETSI, WAVE, LTE-V protocol stack, use the ideal radio channel; but the communication random features can be added manually, namely message reception probability and message delay.

Test with wireless communication simulation

Providing a more accurate test environment of C-V2X MiL/SiL testing through the co-simulation of the WI-FI, LTE, 5GNR communication model in wireless network simulation software NS-3 and scenario simulation software, which will make it more convenient for customers to do V2V/V2I algorithm simulation test under various wireless network conditions.

Software testing for V2X application algorithm

For software testing of V2X application algorithm, Polelink provides test tools for static test and dynamic test, test environment for embedded products, which will cover each step of embedded test.

Static analysis-Helix QAC/QAC++

For static analysis, Polelink provides code static test tool, Helix QAC/QAC++ of perforce, USA, which can execute static analysis of C/C++ code automatically, and support code specifications such as MISAR C/C++, AUTOSAR, CERT, CWE, etc.

MiL testing - TPT

For model based development (MBD), Polelink provides model test tool, TPT of PikeTec, Germany. Before code testing, MiL test should be carried out to verify whether the model meet the design requirements.

SiL testing for software code-VectorCAST

For SiL testing of software code, Polelink provides code dynamic testing tool, VectorCAST of Vector, Germany. It can provide functions including automatic test execution and assessment, test tracking based on requirements, incremental regression test and code coverage analysis.

Ø Model test tool TPT

Ø Static analysis tool QAC

Ø Dynamic test tool VectorCAST

Solution to V2X conformance test

ITS protocol stack conformance test

Polelink provides ITS protocol stack test cases developing and executing platform and test case package based on CANoe and vTESTStudio from Vector, Germany.

ITS protocol stack conformance test development refers to the ITS conformance test specification defined by China Academy of Information and Communication Technology. The test specification measures five message types, mainly for assessing whether messages can be sent and received normally and whether the configuration of message structure parameters meets protocol requirements.

The test system provides executable test sets that meets the requirements of “LTE-based vehicular wireless communication-method of network/message layer protocol conformance test.”

The test items include:

Ø DSM message send/receive test

Ø DSA message send/receive test

Ø BSM message set protocol conformance test

Ø SPAT message set protocol conformance test

Ø RSI message set protocol conformance test

Ø RSM message set protocol conformance test

Ø MAP message set protocol conformance test

Access layer conformance test/GCF conformance test

Polelink provides conformance test system of access layer and GCF based on CMW500 and SMBV100 of R&S.

The composition of test system is as follows:

• CMW500: For PC5 port test, CMW500 can simulate single vehicle or multi-vehicle, which covers access layer (PHY, MAC, PDCP, RLC). For Uu port test, CMW500 is used for base station simulation.

• SMBV100A/B: output GNSS signal, which is used for data synchronization between the OBU/ECU under test and simulated vehicle, and navigation.

Illustration: PC5 port testing has to use CMW500 and SMBV100B simultaneously. The CMW500 is used for simulating cooperative vehicle. Uu port testing only needs CMW500 to simulate base station. Signals can establish connection with OBU under test through conducting or OTA. V2X protocol conformance test case at access layer has been defined in the 24th chapter of 3GPP 36.523-1.

Solution to RF test

System composition: CMW100/CMW500

System capability: 

• For Uu port (V2N, Vehicle to Network), the system supports non-signaling RF R&D, production and calibration test.

• For PC5 port (V2V, V2I, V2P), the system supports non-signaling RF R&D, production and calibration test.

Supporting test items:

• Spectrum

Ø In-band emissions

Ø Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR)

Ø Spectrum emission mask

Ø Frequency error

• Power

Ø Power dynamic range

Ø Power detection

Ø Transmit power

• Others

Ø Error vector magnitude (EVM)

Ø EVM vs. Subcarrier

Ø Equalizer spectrum flatness

Ø Magnitude error

Ø Phase error

Ø IQ constellation

Ø Resource block allocation

Solution to V2X field test

V2X data acquisition system

In the V2X functional road test, we have to collect data of on-vehicle OBU and related controller, and the V2X communication messages of roadside facility unit or vehicle around. This mainly involves wireless synchronous data acquisition, data storage, and V2X packet analysis and playback of each V2X communicate unit. Polelink expands V2X road test data acquisition system based on the successful practices in ADAS road test data acquisition.

Acquisition of V2X packet: applying the data collecting box LTE V2X BOX, which can receive the wireless packet from vehicle under road test, roadside units and surrounding vehicles simultaneously and transmit the data to ADAS Logger through Ethernet for data recording.

Data record and storage: ADAS Logger is a high-performance PC designed for on-vehicle data record. It has a variety of interface types, such as CAN, Ethernet, USB, as well as RS232 interface for GPS receiver and supports the data synchronization of each interface. Its storage space can be expanded to 16TByte. In addition, it integrates with VN8900 or VN7572 module of Vector and supports 8-way CAN and I/O signals.

Data analysis: the V2X, CAN packet can be analyzed simultaneously after importing the data stored in ADAS Logger to CANoe, in order to analyzing the V2X communication functions and performances of real vehicle.

Polelink is the official partner of some internationally well-known enterprises, such as Vector, Rohde&Schwarz (R&S), IPG, PikeTec from Germany, Perforce from USA, and so on, as well as the member of the member of IMT-2020 (5G) promotion group C-V2X working group. We are devoted to the research on testing and verification technologies of LTE-V2X and 5G-V2X in V2X field to actively promote the landing of domestic V2X industry and provides sets of V2X test system and service for customers.